Overview

The year 1619 was a crucial period in the 30 Years War, a conflict that ravaged Europe. In this year, significant events unfolded, shaping the course of the war and further deepening the religious and political divisions within the Holy Roman Empire.

Events of 1619

The year 1619 witnessed key events that had a profound impact on the progression of the 30 Years War. Two noteworthy events are highlighted below.

Defeat of Emperor Ferdinand II at the Battle of White Mountain

On November 8, 1619, the forces loyal to the Bohemian Estates, led by Count Christian of Anhalt, achieved a decisive victory over the Catholic forces of Emperor Ferdinand II at the Battle of White Mountain near Prague. This battle marked a significant turning point in the war, as it resulted in the suppression of the Bohemian Revolt and strengthened the position of the Catholic Habsburgs. The defeat had profound consequences for the Protestant cause and set the stage for further Catholic dominance in the conflict.

Frederick V's Election as the King of Bohemia

In June 1619, Frederick V, Elector Palatine, was elected as the King of Bohemia by the Bohemian Estates. This election further escalated tensions in the war and intensified the struggle between the Protestant and Catholic factions. Frederick V's acceptance of the Bohemian crown and his subsequent involvement in the conflict brought international attention and drew other European powers into the war, adding a new dimension to the ongoing struggle.