Overview

The year 1629 marked a significant turning point in the 30 Years War, a devastating conflict that ravaged Europe. In this year, crucial events unfolded, reshaping the religious and political landscape and influencing the future course of the war.

Events of 1629

The year 1629 witnessed important events that had a profound impact on the progression of the 30 Years War. Two noteworthy events are highlighted below.

Edict of Restitution

In March 1629, the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II issued the Edict of Restitution, which aimed to restore Catholic properties and territories that had been seized by Protestant forces. The edict sought to reverse the religious changes brought about by the Peace of Augsburg in 1555. The Edict of Restitution caused great concern among Protestant states as it threatened their religious freedoms and territorial holdings. This decree further intensified religious tensions and ignited protests and resistance from the Protestant side.

Treaty of Lübeck

In May 1629, the Treaty of Lübeck was signed between Denmark and the Holy Roman Empire. This treaty marked the end of Danish involvement in the war and confirmed the territorial gains made by the Imperial forces. As per the terms of the treaty, Denmark relinquished its claims to certain territories and agreed to withdraw its military support from the Protestant cause. The Treaty of Lübeck significantly weakened the Protestant alliance and strengthened the position of the Holy Roman Empire in the conflict.